VI.   Argument

A Proposition, also known as a “protasis” is a Form of words or symbolic variables by which an expression of meaning, also known as the “Predicate” or “Premise” affirms or denies an assumption of fact concerning an Object or Concept, also known as the “Subject”. The words or symbols used to construct and connect the expression between the Predicate and Subject are known as the “Copula”.

The word Proposition is derived from the Latin propositio meaning "purpose or theme". However, the original Ancient Greek word used by Aristotle when describing a proposition (in his invention of syllogism) was protasis from πρότασις (protasis) meaning “to put forward, tender, to propose”.

The word Predicate is derived from the Latin praedico meaning “to mention before hand, to prearrange, to foretell, to warn”. The word Premise is derived from the Latin praemissum meaning “to send in advance”.

The word Subject is derived from the Latin "subiecto" meaning “to lay under, put to, to throw up”.

The word Copula is derived from the Latin copula meaning “rope, leash, grappling iron/anchor or binding”.

In the context of Logic and Argument, the word “sentence” is wrongly argued as being equivalent to the word Proposition. The word sentence is derived from the Latin word sententia meaning “way of thinking, opinion or sentiment”. Therefore sentence by its original and true definition implies a predisposed bias towards an argument which is incompatible with the independent and objective testing for truth or falsity of an expression.

In the context of Logic and Argument, the word “statement” is wrongly argued as being equivalent to the word Proposition. The word statement is derived from two Latin words statuo meaning “to determine, appoint, to decide, settle, to decree, prescribe, to judge, consider, conclude” and ment(is) meaning “mind”. Therefore statement by its original and true definition implies a judgment or conclusion in mind before the facts have been tested on their merits being incompatible with the concept of Proposition.